Renal2 UKMLA questions
Hyperkalaemia — UKMLA Revision Notes
Hyperkalaemia is an important clinical condition in Renal that is tested in the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test (AKT). Medical students and doctors preparing for the UKMLA or PLAB 1 must understand the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, investigations, and evidence-based management of Hyperkalaemia as outlined in current NICE guidelines.
Key Facts
- Hyperkalaemia is a key condition on the GMC UKMLA Content Map
- Commonly tested in the Renal section of the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test
- Understand the pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations, and management
- NICE guidelines provide the evidence base for management decisions
- Consider differential diagnoses and red flag symptoms in clinical scenarios
Investigations
- U&E, creatinine, eGFR
- Urinalysis + MC&S
- Renal USS
- 24-hour urine protein
- Renal biopsy
- ANA, ANCA, anti-GBM
Management
- Treat underlying cause
- BP control (target <130/80 mmHg)
- ACE inhibitor/ARB for proteinuria
- Dietary advice (low salt, low potassium)
- Nephrology outpatient follow-up
- Renal replacement therapy if indicated